Searching for gas giant planets on Solar system scales - a NACO/APP L'-band survey of A- and F-type main-sequence stars

November 2015 • 2015MNRAS.453.2533M

Authors • Meshkat, T. • Kenworthy, M. A. • Reggiani, M. • Quanz, S. P. • Mamajek, E. E. • Meyer, M. R.

Abstract • We report the results of a direct imaging survey of A- and F-type main-sequence stars searching for giant planets. A/F stars are often the targets of surveys, as they are thought to have more massive giant planets relative to solar-type stars. However, most imaging is only sensitive to orbital separations >30 au, where it has been demonstrated that giant planets are rare. In this survey, we take advantage of the high-contrast capabilities of the Apodizing Phase Plate coronagraph on NACO at the Very Large Telescope. Combined with optimized principal component analysis post-processing, we are sensitive to planetary-mass companions (2-12 M_Jup) at Solar system scales (≤30 au). We obtained data on 13 stars in the L' band and detected one new companion as part of this survey: an M6.0 ± 0.5 dwarf companion around HD 984. We re-detect low-mass companions around HD 12894 and HD 20385, both reported shortly after the completion of this survey. We use Monte Carlo simulations to determine new constraints on the low-mass (<80 M_Jup) companion frequency, as a function of mass and separation. Assuming solar-type planet mass and separation distributions, normalized to the planet frequency appropriate for A-stars, and the observed companion mass-ratio distribution for stellar companions extrapolated to planetary masses, we derive a truncation radius for the planetary mass companion surface density of <135 au at 95 per cent confidence.

Links

• SIMBAD http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbo.pl?bibcode=2015MNRAS.453.2533M
• PREPRINT http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.00565
• DATA http://archive.eso.org/bin/ads2eso?2015MNRAS.453.2533M
• DATA https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/bibdata/2015/M/2015MNRAS.453.2533M.html
• ELECTR https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstv1779