<=== observer ===>
"PSARA",\
"Saraceno, P.S.",\
"IFSI",\
"CNR",\
"G.Galilei",\
"",\
"00044",\
"Frascati - Roma",\
"Italy",\
"39 6 94186240",\
"39 6 9426814",\
"saraceno@hp.ifsi.fra.cnr.it"
<=== proposal ===>
"OUTFLOWS",1,2,\
{"Star formation","circumstellar disks","circumstellar envelopes",\
"bipolar outflows"},\
{"LWS consortium","P.Ade","M.Barlow","E.Caux","C.Ceccarelli","P.Clegg",\
"M.Cohen","J.Fischer","I.Furniss","B.Glencross","M.Griffin","R.Liseau",\
"K. King","R.Liseau","D.Lorenzetti","D.Naylor","B.Nisini","F.Palla","N.Rieu",\
"P.Saraceno","H.Smith","L.Spinoglio","G.White"}
<=== title ===>
Pre M.S. evolution: Outflows and their interaction with interstellar medium
<=== abstract ===>
SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT
The main objective of the LWS proposals on Pre-Main Sequence evolution
is the understanding of the matter evolution from the molecular clouds
to the compact, hot stellar state of the main sequence stars. The present
proposal deals with the study of the peculiar phase during which powerful,
collimated bipolar outflows are originated from the central object.
A consistent picture of the early phases of stellar evolution has to
include the understanding of the outflow phenomena and its relationship
to the central exciting source and its circumstellar disk.
It has been realized that in order to understand the young stars
we have to understand their circumstellar disks as these contribute
significantly to the evolution and the energy output from these objects.
In particular it has been enpirically estabished that the physics
of these disks is intimately related to the physics of the stellar mass
loss and possibly to the physics of the mass accretion as well.
The LWS will be used to study the ionization and excitation state of the warm
outflowing gas, to determine the velocity law by comparing the
observed line intensities with models and mapping the dust opacity in
the circumstellar disks measuring the line profiles as a function of the
wavelength.
Both spectrometers will be used in low resolution mode, in order to detect
the various spectral features expected to trace the different physical
conditions. We expect to detect line emission from various ionic and molecular
species (in particular H_2O, OI, CO, NII that are among the major coolants in the expected physical conditions).
OBSERVATION SUMMARY
Full spectral scans using the LWS in grating mode are planned for all our
targets. The "on source" integration time for LWS Grating spectra are
computed in order to observe with S/N=10 lines of 2 10^-20 W/cm^2. For the
brightest sources this limit is reduced in order to observe with S/N=10
lines that are 1/200 of their 60 um continuum.
In presence of an "outflow" the "off source" observation is done carrying
out a map (in "raster scan") of the flow with a full grating spectrum in
each point of the map. The total integration time spent on all the points
of the map will be similar to the one spent on the single "on source" point;
the reference "off source" point will be therefore built by binning
together all the points of the map.
A full SWS grating scan is foreseen for all the objects (with the exception
of the objects that will be observed in the SWS guaranteed time) with a
25 um IRAS flux sufficient to give S/N=10 on a line that is 1/30 of the
continuum in the SWSO1 mode.
We also scan with SWS01 mode those points in the flow where evidence of
near-infrared shock excited emission exists.
<=== scientific_justification ===>
Allocated time per priorities and AOTs (autumn launch)
LWS01 SWS01
top 40% 20404 14108
second 30% 16687 8396
third 30% 18464 7420
----------------------------------------------
TOT 55556 29924
Allocated time per priorities and AOTs (spring launch)
LWS01 SWS01
top 40% 25808 8488
second 30% 14399 11356
third 30% 18464 7260
----------------------------------------------
TOT 58671 27104
***********************
AOT LWS01:
Full grating scans from 43 to 196.7 microns with spectral
sample of 4 and fast-on flag are required for all sources except those
marked with an asterisk in the following table for which the grating
scan ranges from 43 to 100 microns.
The following table contains the information needed to evaluate the integration
times according to the code specified in the table for each individual
source. The meaning of the code number is given at the bottom of the table.
Name hole Code F(25um) F(60um) F(100um)
L1287 s 2 21.0 357.0 685.0
NGC281-W o 2 13.0 330.0 1166.0
01133+6434 o/s 1 45.0 120.0 104.0
*AFGL437 o/s 2 396.0 1056.0 1300.0
*AFGL490 o/s 2 278.0 717.0 785.0
08221-4158VM8 o/s 2 32.0 210.0 625.0
08448-4343VM17 o/s 2 88.0 327.0 1005.0
08476-4306VM20 o/s 2 44.0 216.0 504.0
08477-4359VM21 o/s 2 26.0 317.0 581.0
*NGC6334-I o 2 806.0 1.0E4 2.0E4
*W28A2 o 2 2190.0 1.3E4 2.7E4
*M8E o 2 289.0 1.6E3 2.8E3
L379IRS3 o 2 46.0 445.0 1297.0
*S87/IRS1 o 2 425.0 3.4E3 5.2E3
19520+2759 o 2 119.0 207.0 217.0
20126+4104 , o/s 2 109.0 1380.0 1950.0
L988-E o/s 1 34.0 87.0 199.0
21334+5039 o/s 2 55.0 373.0 440.0
IC1396N o/s 1 8.9 145.0 425.0
*S140 o/s 2 1.5E3 1.1E4 1.3E4
L1206 o 2 18.0 378.0 727.0
*NGC7538-1 o/s 2 1781.0 7073.0 1.4E4
*NGC7538-9 o/s 2 269.0 7073.0 1.4E4
05338-0624 s 2 16.0 220.0 582.0
05375-0731 s 1 8.8 157.0 272.0
*NGC2024IRS2 s 2 1000.0 1.0E4 8.0E3
NGC2071 s 2 215.0 663.0 950.0
*GGD12-15 s 2 603.0 3.6E3 4.9E3
*S255IRS1 s 2 372.0 3.1E4 5.3E4
*AFGL961 s 2 375.0 959.0 995.0
Code: time assigned according to the following criteria:
1. to detect lines of 2 10^(-16) W/m2 at S/N = 10.
2. to detect lines which are 1/200 of their 60um emission at S/N = 10.
9. to detect lines of 1 10^(-15) W/m2 at S/N=10.
AOT SWS01:
Full grating scans from 2.43 to 45 microns with a detector reset time of 2 sec,
requiring 25 minutes of integration time per object (+overheads) except for the
brightest sources (F(25um)>300Jy) for which we choose a detector reset time
of 1 sec, requiring 13 minutes of integration time per object (+overheads).
***********************
Time distribution for autumn launch targets
Team top 40% second 30% last 30%
LWS 34513 25083 25884
total 34513 25083 25884
Time distribution for spring launch targets
Team top 40% second 30% last 30%
LWS 34296 25755 25724
total 34296 25755 25724
************************
Raster scans information
autumn launch targets
No Name coord. center M dM N dN P.A.
1 L1287 0.56314 63.20056 1 0 2 100 53
5 NGC281 W flow 0.82439 56.29111 1 0 2 200 45
7 01133+6434 Off 1.22172 64.58055 1 0 2 200 90
9 AFGL 437 3.05869 58.32195 1 0 3 100 0
11 AFGL 490 3.39422 58.60972 1 0 3 100 45
13 08221-4158VM8 8.35206 -41.97028 1 0 2 120 155
16 08448-4343VM17 8.74706 -43.72417 1 0 2 200 135
19 08476-4306VM20 8.79400 -43.10222 1 0 2 200 0
22 08477-4359VM21 8.79642 -43.99694 1 0 2 200 45
24 NGC6334-I 17.29230 -35.74833 1 0 2 100 0
26 W28 A2 17.95745 -24.05222 1 0 2 100 0
29 M8 E 18.03017 -24.43361 1 0 2 100 0
30 L379-IRS3 18.44247 -15.29750 1 0 9 100 8
32 S87 IRS1 19.73714 24.46806 1 0 3 100 45
35 19520+2759 19.86750 27.99528 1 0 4 200 90
37 20126+4104 20.21139 41.08611 1 0 2 100 0
40 L988 E 21.03878 50.04445 1 0 4 100 28
42 21334+5039 21.55667 50.66195 1 0 2 200 0
43 21334+5039Off 21.55655 50.67667 1 0 2 72 25
45 IC1396 N 21.65286 58.04139 1 0 2 200 81
46 L1206 22.45320 63.98611 1 0 2 100 0
48 NGC7538 1-9 23.19580 61.18972 1 0 3 65 113
spring_launch_targets
No Name coord. center M dM N dN P.A.
2 01133+6434 1.22172 64.58055 1 0 2 200 90
4 AFGL 437 3.05869 58.32195 1 0 3 100 0
6 AFGL 490 3.39422 58.60972 1 0 3 100 45
8 05338-0624 5.56464 -6.40056 1 0 2 200 0
11 05375-0731flow 5.62531 -7.53361 1 0 2 54 51
13 NGC2024 FIRS6 5.65322 -1.99833 1 0 2 100 12
14 NGC2024 IRS2 5.65336 -1.92611 1 0 2 79 147
16 NGC2071 5.74142 0.35000 1 0 2 200 45
23 GGD12-15 6.14050 -6.18028 1 0 3 100 132
24 S255 IRS1 6.16628 17.98722 1 0 3 60 175
26 AFGL 961 6.53308 4.25278 3 100 3 100 0
28 08221-4158VM8 8.35206 -41.97028 1 0 2 120 155
31 08448-4343VM17 8.74706 -43.72417 1 0 2 200 135
34 08476-4306VM20 8.79400 -43.10222 1 0 2 200 0
37 08477-4359VM21 8.79642 -43.99694 1 0 2 200 45
39 20126+4104 20.21139 41.08611 1 0 2 100 0
43 L988 E 21.03878 50.04445 1 0 4 100 28
45 21334+5039 21.55667 50.66195 1 0 2 200 0
46 21334+5039Off 21.55655 50.67667 1 0 2 72 25
48 IC1396 N 21.65286 58.04139 1 0 2 200 81
50 NGC7538 1-9 23.1958 61.18972 1 0 3 65 113
<=== autumn_launch_targets ===>
1, "LWS01",2.0,"N","L1287 ", 0.56314, 63.20056,1950,0.,0., 1742, 2
2, "SWS01",2.0,"N","L1287 ", 0.56481, 63.20889,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
3, "LWS01",2.0,"N","NGC281 W ", 0.82439, 56.29111,1950,0.,0., 1040, 5
4, "SWS01",3.0,"N","NGC281 W ", 0.82439, 56.29111,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
5, "LWS01",2.0,"N","NGC281 W flow ", 0.82439, 56.29111,1950,0.,0., 1208, 0
6, "LWS01",3.0,"N","01133+6434 ", 1.22172, 64.58055,1950,0.,0., 2426, 7
7, "LWS01",3.0,"N","01133+6434Off.", 1.22172, 64.58055,1950,0.,0., 2190, 8
8, "SWS01",3.0,"N","01133+6434 ", 1.22172, 64.58055,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
9, "LWS01",1.0,"N","AFGL 437 ", 3.05869, 58.32195,1950,0.,0., 1018,10
10, "SWS01",1.0,"N","AFGL 437 ", 3.05869, 58.32195,1950,0.,0., 956, 0
11, "LWS01",1.0,"N","AFGL 490 ", 3.39422, 58.60972,1950,0.,0., 1018, 0
12, "LWS01",1.0,"N","08221-4158VM8 ", 8.35206, -41.97028,1950,0.,0., 2426,13
13, "LWS01",1.0,"N","08221-4158of. ", 8.35206, -41.97028,1950,0.,0., 2190,14
14, "SWS01",1.0,"N","08221-4158VM8 ", 8.35206, -41.97028,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
15, "LWS01",1.0,"N","08448-4343VM17", 8.74706, -43.72417,1950,0.,0., 1113,16
16, "LWS01",1.0,"N","08448-4343of. ", 8.74706, -43.72417,1950,0.,0., 1040,17
17, "SWS01",1.0,"N","08448-4343VM17", 8.74706, -43.72417,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
18, "LWS01",2.0,"N","08476-4306VM20", 8.79400, -43.10222,1950,0.,0., 2426,19
19, "LWS01",2.0,"N","08476-4306of. ", 8.79400, -43.10222,1950,0.,0., 2190,20
20, "SWS01",2.0,"N","08476-4306VM20", 8.79400, -43.10222,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
21, "LWS01",2.0,"N","08477-4359VM21", 8.79642, -43.99694,1950,0.,0., 2426,22
22, "LWS01",2.0,"N","08477-4359of. ", 8.79642, -43.99694,1950,0.,0., 2190,23
23, "SWS01",2.0,"N","08477-4359VM21", 8.79642, -43.99694,1950,0.,0., 1980, 0
24, "LWS01",1.0,"N","NGC6334-I ", 17.29230, -35.74833,1950,0.,0., 819,25
25, "SWS01",1.0,"N","NGC6334-I ", 17.29230, -35.74833,1950,0.,0., 956, 0
26, "LWS01",2.0,"N","W28 A2 ", 17.95745, -24.05222,1950,0.,0., 819,27
27, "SWS01",2.0,"N","W28 A2 ", 17.95745, -24.05222,1950,0.,0., 956, 0
28, "SWS01",1.0,"N","M8 E ", 18.03017, -24.44750,1950,0.,0., 1116,29
29, "LWS01",1.0,"N","M8 E ", 18.03017, -24.43361,1950,0.,0., 819, 0
30, "LWS01",1.0,"N","L379-IRS3 ", 18.44247, -15.29750,1950,0.,0., 3276,31
31, "SWS01",1.0,"N","L379-IRS3 ", 18.44247, -15.29750,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
32, "LWS01",1.0,"N","S87 IRS1 ", 19.73714, 24.46806,1950,0.,0., 1018,33
33, "SWS01",1.0,"N","S87 IRS1 ", 19.73714, 24.46806,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
34, "LWS01",1.0,"N","19520+2759 ", 19.86750, 27.99528,1950,0.,0., 2426,35
35, "LWS01",1.0,"N","19520+2759 Off", 19.86750, 27.99528,1950,0.,0., 2384,36
36, "SWS01",1.0,"N","19520+2759 ", 19.86750, 27.99528,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
37, "LWS01",2.0,"N","20126+4104 ", 20.21139, 41.08611,1950,0.,0., 904,38
38, "SWS01",2.0,"N","20126+4104 ", 20.21139, 41.08611,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
39, "LWS01",3.0,"N","L988 E ", 21.03878, 50.04445,1950,0.,0., 2426,40
40, "LWS01",3.0,"N","L988 E Off. ", 21.03878, 50.04445,1950,0.,0., 2190, 0
41, "LWS01",3.0,"N","21334+5039 ", 21.55667, 50.66195,1950,0.,0., 2426,42
42, "LWS01",3.0,"N","21334+5039Off ", 21.55667, 50.66195,1950,0.,0., 2190, 0
43, "SWS01",3.0,"N","21334+5039Off ", 21.55655, 50.67667,1950,0.,0., 3780, 0
44, "LWS01",3.0,"N","IC1396 N ", 21.65286, 58.04139,1950,0.,0., 2426,45
45, "LWS01",3.0,"N","IC1396 N Off. ", 21.65286, 58.04139,1950,0.,0., 2190, 0
46, "LWS01",2.0,"N","L1206 ", 22.45320, 63.98611,1950,0.,0., 1742, 0
47, "SWS01",1.0,"N","NGC7538 1 ", 23.19350, 61.19695,1950,0.,0., 1980,48
48, "LWS01",1.0,"N","NGC7538 1-9 ", 23.19580, 61.18972,1950,0.,0., 858, 0
<=== spring_launch_targets ===>
1, "LWS01",3.0,"N","01133+6434 ", 1.22172, 64.58055,1950,0.,0., 2426, 2
2, "LWS01",3.0,"N","01133+6434Off ", 1.22172, 64.58055,1950,0.,0., 2190, 3
3, "SWS01",3.0,"N","01133+6434 ", 1.22172, 64.58055,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
4, "LWS01",1.0,"N","AFGL 437 ", 3.05869, 58.32195,1950,0.,0., 1018, 5
5, "SWS01",1.0,"N","AFGL 437 ", 3.05869, 58.32195,1950,0.,0., 956, 0
6, "LWS01",1.0,"N","AFGL 490 ", 3.39422, 58.60972,1950,0.,0., 1018, 0
7, "LWS01",1.0,"N","05338-0624 ", 5.56464, -6.40056,1950,0.,0., 2062, 8
8, "LWS01",1.0,"N","05338-0624Off ", 5.56464, -6.40056,1950,0.,0., 1582, 9
9, "SWS01",1.0,"N","05338-0624 ", 5.56464, -6.40056,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
10, "LWS01",1.0,"N","05375-0731 ", 5.62531, -7.53361,1950,0.,0., 2106,11
11, "LWS01",1.0,"N","05375-0731flow", 5.62531, -7.53361,1950,0.,0., 2190,12
12, "SWS01",1.0,"N","05375-0731 ", 5.62531, -7.53361,1950,0.,0., 956, 0
13, "LWS01",1.0,"N","NGC2024 FIRS6o", 5.65322, -1.99833,1950,0.,0., 2350,14
14, "LWS01",1.0,"N","NGC2024 IRS2 ", 5.65336, -1.92611,1950,0.,0., 659,15
15, "LWS01",1.0,"N","NGC2024 FIRS6 ", 5.65381, -1.95750,1950,0.,0., 2266, 0
16, "LWS01",2.0,"N","NGC2071 Off ", 5.74142, 0.35000,1950,0.,0., 904,17
17, "LWS01",2.0,"N","NGC2071 ", 5.74183, 0.34472,1950,0.,0., 888,18
18, "SWS01",2.0,"N","NGC2071 ", 5.73969, 0.31722,1950,0.,0., 956,19
19, "SWS01",2.0,"N","NGC2071 ", 5.74075, 0.32556,1950,0.,0., 956,20
20, "SWS01",2.0,"N","NGC2071 ", 5.74219, 0.35889,1950,0.,0., 956,21
21, "SWS01",2.0,"N","NGC2071 ", 5.74275, 0.36167,1950,0.,0., 956,22
22, "SWS01",2.0,"N","NGC2071 ", 5.74358, 0.37833,1950,0.,0., 956, 0
23, "LWS01",1.0,"N","GGD12-15 ", 6.14050, -6.18028,1950,0.,0., 1018, 0
24, "LWS01",2.0,"N","S255 IRS1 ", 6.16628, 17.98722,1950,0.,0., 1018,25
25, "SWS01",2.0,"N","S255 IRS1 ", 6.16628, 17.98722,1950,0.,0., 956, 0
26, "LWS01",2.0,"N","AFGL 961 ", 6.53308, 4.25278,1950,0.,0., 2357, 0
27, "LWS01",1.0,"N","08221-4158VM8 ", 8.35206, -41.97028,1950,0.,0., 2426,28
28, "LWS01",1.0,"N","08221-4158of. ", 8.35206, -41.97028,1950,0.,0., 2190, 0
29, "SWS01",2.0,"N","08221-4158VM8 ", 8.35206, -41.97028,1950,0.,0., 1980, 0
30, "LWS01",1.0,"N","08448-4343VM17", 8.74706, -43.72417,1950,0.,0., 1113,31
31, "LWS01",1.0,"N","08448-4343of. ", 8.74706, -43.72417,1950,0.,0., 2048,32
32, "SWS01",1.0,"N","08448-4343VM17", 8.74706, -43.72417,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
33, "LWS01",2.0,"N","08476-4306VM20", 8.79400, -43.10222,1950,0.,0., 2426,34
34, "LWS01",2.0,"N","08476-4306of. ", 8.79400, -43.10222,1950,0.,0., 2190,35
35, "SWS01",2.0,"N","08476-4306VM20", 8.79400, -43.10222,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
36, "LWS01",2.0,"N","08477-4359VM21", 8.79642, -43.99694,1950,0.,0., 2426,37
37, "LWS01",2.0,"N","08477-4359of. ", 8.79642, -43.99694,1950,0.,0., 2190,38
38, "SWS01",2.0,"N","08477-4359VM21", 8.79642, -43.99694,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
39, "LWS01",1.0,"N","20126+4104Off ", 20.21139, 41.08611,1950,0.,0., 904,40
40, "SWS01",1.0,"N","20126+4104 ", 20.21139, 41.08611,1950,0.,0., 1820, 0
41, "LWS01",3.0,"N","L988 E ", 21.03878, 50.04445,1950,0.,0., 2426,42
42, "SWS01",3.0,"N","L988 E ", 21.03878, 50.04445,1950,0.,0., 1820,43
43, "LWS01",3.0,"N","L988 E Off. ", 21.03878, 50.04445,1950,0.,0., 2190, 0
44, "LWS01",3.0,"N","21334+5039 ", 21.55667, 50.66195,1950,0.,0., 2426,45
45, "LWS01",3.0,"N","21334+5039Off.", 21.55667, 50.66195,1950,0.,0., 2190,46
46, "SWS01",3.0,"N","21334+5039Off ", 21.55655, 50.67667,1950,0.,0., 3620, 0
47, "LWS01",3.0,"N","IC1396 N ", 21.65286, 58.04139,1950,0.,0., 2426,48
48, "LWS01",3.0,"N","IC1396 N Off. ", 21.65286, 58.04139,1950,0.,0., 2190, 0
49, "SWS01",1.0,"N","NGC7538 1 ", 23.19350, 61.19695,1950,0.,0., 1116,50
50, "LWS01",1.0,"N","NGC7538 1-9 ", 23.19580, 61.18972,1950,0.,0., 858, 0